tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-27481059725196936042024-03-21T21:42:15.354-07:00GHYJGrace Hwanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11726203296516415783noreply@blogger.comBlogger7125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2748105972519693604.post-32205871683852136012011-01-02T20:23:00.001-08:002011-01-02T20:23:41.637-08:00neurotransmitters<div style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 0cm; padding-right: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 0cm; padding-right: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Acetylcholin </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-Two functions of Acetylcholin</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1. in the peripheral nervous system</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>: responsible for skeletal muscle movement and regulation of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> 2. in the central nervous system</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 9.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">: involved in learning, memory, and mood</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">- First neurotransmitter ever identified</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-discovered by Henry Hallet Dale and Otto Loewi in 1914.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">- an ester of acetic acid and choline; CH<sub>3</sub>COOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>N+(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-If the acetylcholine increases, heart rate decreases and the production of saliva increases.</span></div><div style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 0cm; padding-right: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 0cm; padding-right: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Serotonin</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">-also called 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">-affects mood, emotion, sleep and appetie</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">-involved in the control of many behavioural and physiological functions</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">-to treat depression, medications are used for changing action of serotonin</span></div><div style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 0cm; padding-right: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 0cm; padding-right: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">-found in </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">blood platelets, intestinal mucosa, the pineal body, and the central nervous system</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Endolphins</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-more than 20 types of endorphins are identified in humans</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-Found in pituitary gland, other parts of brain, and throughout nervous system</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-Secretion of endolphin :</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1. decrease feelings of pain</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2. modulate appetite</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>3. release sex hormones</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>4. enhance immune response.</span></div><div style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 0cm; padding-right: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-left: 0cm; padding-right: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm;"><br />
</div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Norepinephrine</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">- 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,2-diol</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">- also called noradrenaline</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-secreted by adrenal medulla</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-secretion of norepinephrine increases heart rate, blood pressure, and the sugar level of the blood.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-Plays a role in attention and focus</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-People with ADD/ADHD use medications that increase level of norepinephrine, such as Ritalin and <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dexedrine</span></div>Grace Hwanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11726203296516415783noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2748105972519693604.post-37605302070781374882010-09-28T16:24:00.000-07:002010-09-28T16:42:00.795-07:00DNA replication<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">DNA replication is a semilconservative replication where a double helix replicates 2 daughter strands where each of the daughter strands has one old strand and one newly made strand.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Steps of DNA replication</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">1. DNA helicase unwinds and unzips the double helix by breaking hydrogen bonds.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div>2. At the same time, DNA gyrase relieves the tension in the DNA<br />
<br />
3. After the DNA is separated into 2 single stranded DNA, which is very unstable. Therefore, single-stranded binding proteins(SSB) prevents DNA from degenerate.<br />
<br />
4.RNA primase attaches itself to DNA after its unzipped and creates primer.<br />
<br />
5. Primer acts as a signal to sign DNA polymerase 3 to attach nucleoside to the 3' end of unzipped single DNA strand. <br />
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6. There are 2 different types of replication going at this stage.<br />
At the lagging strand, which grows away from the replication fork, there are many okazaki fragments formed in order to let the DNA strand to grow in 5' to 3' direction. At the leading strand, which grows towards the replication fork, the newly formed DNA strand grows continuously in 5' to 3' direction.<br />
<br />
7. Once the polymerase 3 finishes to replicate, polymerase 1 comes in to remove the primase and attach correct nucleosides at the gap. In addition, it checks the mistakes in the replicated strands.<br />
<br />
8. Lastly, DNA ligase glues the gap between okazaki fragments in the lagging strand with the phosphodiester bond.<br />
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<br />
NOTE: LIST OF ENZYMES USED IN DNA REPLICATION<br />
Helicase<br />
Gyrase<br />
Primase<br />
DNA polymerase 3<br />
DNA polymerase 1<br />
Ligase<br />
<br />
VIDEO CLIP OF REPLICATION<br />
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teV62zrm2P0">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teV62zrm2P0</a><br />
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><img alt="dna replication" border="0" src="http://www.replicationfork.com/images/691px-DNA_replication.svg.png" style="height: 336px; width: 691px;" title="dna replication" /></span>Grace Hwanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11726203296516415783noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2748105972519693604.post-85468471669502401452010-09-18T11:53:00.002-07:002010-09-18T11:53:35.306-07:00Famous Geneticists5: Erwin Chargaff<div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL2XsC9n6Rp_TZJ8trMAs6IgkXaap5-eg459PrHlt0GVSCyTk51iuycKkYSOykb1PmaREslBqi25NfCSZGyvm1TVk0Oasgpq8MYoQOZrRQT-Vc_YMkfoc4GIr9mwKwP3mJrp_QK_w1Lto/s1600/03_chargaff_pu2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" qx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL2XsC9n6Rp_TZJ8trMAs6IgkXaap5-eg459PrHlt0GVSCyTk51iuycKkYSOykb1PmaREslBqi25NfCSZGyvm1TVk0Oasgpq8MYoQOZrRQT-Vc_YMkfoc4GIr9mwKwP3mJrp_QK_w1Lto/s320/03_chargaff_pu2.jpg" /></a><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #a46c9b; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-language: KO;">Erwin Chargaff</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #a46c9b; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-language: KO;">(1905-2002)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #a46c9b; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-language: KO;">Year of Fame:1947</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #a46c9b; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-language: KO;">Publications that make him famous: </span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #a46c9b; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 굴림; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-language: KO;">Heraclitean Fire: Sketches from a Life Before Nature</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #a46c9b; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-font-family: 굴림; mso-fareast-language: KO;"> (1978)<br />
Contributions to the world of genetics: He discovered 2 rules regarding DNA. He found out that in DNA, the number of Adenine approximately equals the number of thymine, and the number of Guanine equals the number of Cytosine. These rules helped Wastons and Crick to realize the double helix structure of DNA.</span></div>Grace Hwanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11726203296516415783noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2748105972519693604.post-10085958965883304982010-09-18T11:53:00.000-07:002010-09-18T11:53:01.834-07:00Famous Geneticists4:Barbara Mcclintok<div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMVQ9JqZK5T4bUGabhGRNB9zkpTmhZO9eovlN3Gz5__GTg9VKeVK_pCB1x3rBx9ye9oucFo3-O_KAgyXQJoyapYrvlYhh2gJct5Vt1OB2tsXrYrvSWetIQ80mgCLLmrEhW5JdYBD0WhsU/s1600/barbara_02.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" qx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMVQ9JqZK5T4bUGabhGRNB9zkpTmhZO9eovlN3Gz5__GTg9VKeVK_pCB1x3rBx9ye9oucFo3-O_KAgyXQJoyapYrvlYhh2gJct5Vt1OB2tsXrYrvSWetIQ80mgCLLmrEhW5JdYBD0WhsU/s320/barbara_02.gif" /></a><cite><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-style: normal;">Barbara Mcclintok</span></cite></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><cite><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-style: normal;">(1902-1992)</span></cite></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><cite><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-style: normal;">Year of Fame: 1983</span></cite></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><cite><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-style: normal;">Publications that make her famous: </span></cite><span lang="EN-CA">"A cytological and genetical study of triploid maize"<cite><span style="font-style: normal;"></span></cite></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><cite><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-style: normal;">Contributions to the world of genetics: She discovered transposition,</span></cite><cite><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-style: normal; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕; mso-fareast-language: KO;"> which suggests that </span></cite><span lang="EN-CA">trans- posable elements</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕; mso-fareast-language: KO;"> can jump between chromosomes. This discovery</span><cite><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-style: normal;"> proved the gene’s ability to turn the physical characteristics on and off. </span></cite></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"></div>Grace Hwanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11726203296516415783noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2748105972519693604.post-77511020501046472942010-09-18T11:52:00.001-07:002010-09-18T11:52:24.049-07:00Famous Geneticists3:Gregor Mendel<div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-rh6aziqVDVw-FLiKEqQCXKdNufTo_SdvO0qiOtQkoVqQUvPVG9STGxie9lLcsKaIDA0DHitxJsEvrLEQFtswYUWIkQ-eU-Io_xjt5W3j14mWQKNLS9CdulhA9WqsJ_C8S1zi0Lr89eo/s1600/medel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" qx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-rh6aziqVDVw-FLiKEqQCXKdNufTo_SdvO0qiOtQkoVqQUvPVG9STGxie9lLcsKaIDA0DHitxJsEvrLEQFtswYUWIkQ-eU-Io_xjt5W3j14mWQKNLS9CdulhA9WqsJ_C8S1zi0Lr89eo/s320/medel.jpg" /></a><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Gregor Mendel</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">(1822-1884)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Year of Fame: After his death(1900: rediscovery of his work)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Publications that make them famous: </span><cite><span lang="EN-CA">Experiments with Plant Hybrids</span></cite></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><cite><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-style: normal;">Contributions to the world of genetics: He proved that the inheritance of traits was not random, but followed the particular rules (The law of segregation of characteristics, and The law of independent assortment)</span></cite></div>Grace Hwanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11726203296516415783noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2748105972519693604.post-12566215695964099462010-09-18T11:51:00.002-07:002010-09-18T11:51:49.276-07:00Famous Geneticists2:James Watson<div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSupXy9kFXYd1vPdOkc40Ii_0yJe2Yr4CmochGCRES9xnoDK0U52ksHrwBQB3zKpbjKr3PYcLUqud-YZfRKFF3tg4WvXh1-R_awrr0AJou3086KI6CnpND8sl4wKx6x3dGVRr4fy20hbA/s1600/untitled.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" qx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSupXy9kFXYd1vPdOkc40Ii_0yJe2Yr4CmochGCRES9xnoDK0U52ksHrwBQB3zKpbjKr3PYcLUqud-YZfRKFF3tg4WvXh1-R_awrr0AJou3086KI6CnpND8sl4wKx6x3dGVRr4fy20hbA/s320/untitled.bmp" /></a><span lang="EN-CA">James Watson</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-CA">(1928-)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-CA">Year of Fame: </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">1962(won Novel Prize in Physiology and Medicine)</span><span lang="EN"> </span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Publications that make them famous: <span class="mw-headline"><i>The Double Helix(1968), </i></span><i>The Molecular Biology of the Gene</i> (1965), <i>Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic</i>(1953)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Contributions to the world of genetics: With the help of Crick, Franklin, and Wilkins, he discovered the complete structure of DNA </span></div>Grace Hwanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11726203296516415783noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2748105972519693604.post-16656638239297658372010-09-18T11:51:00.000-07:002010-09-18T11:51:11.041-07:00Famous Geneticists1:Rosalind Franklin<div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNTkF9_JArPleQIWZzE7G-CM_60QZn9YRy2GPgnzYwkw4JW8dhBQBLy8f_Zfm8DKJHq1FE0PWJeJxEpJ4Lct4lTjgjrKvnwHmJz9FE1ary_XMwmg1TKIkBawBtMvSvjdWeWgbKhIrfRHg/s1600/rosalind.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" qx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNTkF9_JArPleQIWZzE7G-CM_60QZn9YRy2GPgnzYwkw4JW8dhBQBLy8f_Zfm8DKJHq1FE0PWJeJxEpJ4Lct4lTjgjrKvnwHmJz9FE1ary_XMwmg1TKIkBawBtMvSvjdWeWgbKhIrfRHg/s320/rosalind.jpg" /></a><shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" filled="f" id="_x0000_t75" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f"><stroke joinstyle="miter"></stroke><formulas><f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></f><f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></f><f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></f><f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></f><f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></f></formulas><path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" o:extrusionok="f"></path><lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></lock></shapetype><shape alt="" id="_x0000_s1026" o:allowoverlap="f" style="height: 123.75pt; margin-left: 315pt; margin-top: -9pt; mso-position-vertical-relative: line; mso-wrap-distance-bottom: 7.5pt; mso-wrap-distance-left: 7.5pt; mso-wrap-distance-right: 7.5pt; mso-wrap-distance-top: 7.5pt; position: absolute; width: 105pt; z-index: 1;" type="#_x0000_t75"><imagedata o:title="franklin" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ijys\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.gif"></imagedata><wrap type="square"></wrap></shape><span lang="EN-CA">Rosalind Franklin</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-CA">(1920 - 1958)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-CA">Year of Fame: after her death (1958)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-CA">Publications that make them famous: <place w:st="on"><city w:st="on">Franklin</city></place> worked on deciphering the structure of DNA by using X-ray crystallography. Her work provided the key clue in figuring out the DNA structure to Watson and Crick. Her work was published under her supervisor’s name, Maurice Wilkins, not hers. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-CA">Contributions to the world of genetics: Her photograph of DNA structure provided Watson and Crick the last clue to the discovery of the DNA structure.</span></div>Grace Hwanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11726203296516415783noreply@blogger.com0